Sample Assessments

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What is management? Why is management necessary? How do you think management has evolved?

Management in simple words can be defined as the art of getting things done through and with people. It can also be defined as the process of setting and achieving goals through the execution of five basic management functions: planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling; that utilize human, financial, and material resources. The first definition looks at the fact that management is getting work done through other people. The second definition divides management up into five components. These components are all parts of the three components (plan, execute, measure) that we looked at above. However, the more detailed definition helps show the activities that occur in each of the three-phase definition. The process of planning, leading, organizing and controlling people within a group in order to achieve goals; also used to mean the group of people who do this.

Management is important in following ways:

  • It helps in Achieving Group Goals
  • Optimum Utilization of Resources
  • Reduces Costs (Optimal input and maximizing output)
  • Establishes well-tuned, efficient, and long-lasting organization
  • Surviving unexpected changes (business, political, social, and economical)
  • Essentials for Prosperity of Society (Efficient management leads to better economical production which helps in turn to increase the welfare of people)

Management was once conceived as being like engineering, a very analytical, rational and mechanistic function whose sole aim was assembly line efficiency. In the early world of management, workers were seen as pawns or parts in a machine, not as people. The manager was a machine operator, the organization a machine. Management was a very masculine occupation conceived in terms of narrowly masculine values. Today Management is like investment. It is the rational identification and realization of the best return on a set of resources for the achievement of a particular goal. To be effective, management today needs to balance the needs of people with the demand for efficiency.

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